Sacramento, CA vs Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY
Side-by-side fiscal comparison · U.S. Census Bureau data (2023)
Sacramento, CA outspends Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY by a wide margin per resident — $71,020 versus $20,200, a 252% difference. A gap this size usually reflects a structurally different service mix or accounting scope rather than a single line item.
Sacramento, CA holds the stronger Fiscal Health Score, 57/100 (grade C) against 35/100 (grade D) for Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY — a 22-point spread that puts the two in different grade territory.
Sacramento, CA reports no outstanding debt per resident in its Census filing, while Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY carries $3,553 per resident. Their budgets diverge on where the largest per-resident dollars go: Sacramento, CA leads with police at $5,402 per resident, while Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY leads with fire protection at $1,132.
On the revenue side both lean hardest on other revenue — 8% of total revenue in Sacramento, CA and 103% in Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY.
Summary
Sacramento spends 251.6% more per capita than Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance) ($50,820/person difference). Sacramento, CA has the stronger Fiscal Health Score (C, 57/100).
Fiscal Health Score
Key Metrics
Per Capita Spending by Department
Revenue Breakdown (Per Capita)
| Property Tax | $1,465 | $0 |
| Sales Tax | $378 | $1,138 |
| Income Tax | $3,104 | $24 |
| Intergovernmental | $3,400 | $412 |
| Charges & Fees | $3,239 | $3,823 |
| Other | $5,072 | $8,878 |
Spending Breakdown (Per Capita)
| Police | $5,402 | $701 |
| Fire Protection | $2,466 | $1,132 |
| Education | $2,684 | $956 |
| Public Welfare | $3,470 | $1,849 |
| Health | $18 | $379 |
| Hospitals | $0 | $779 |
| Parks & Recreation | $1,437 | $1,070 |
| Housing | $8,577 | $2,382 |
| Sewerage | $103 | $249 |
| Utilities | $19,920 | $3,844 |
| Interest on Debt | $162 | $1,517 |
| Other | $26,782 | $5,344 |
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Source: Census Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances, 2026.