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Data from U.S. Census Bureau · 2026 · Methodology
CitySpend

Boston, MA vs Milwaukee, WI

Side-by-side fiscal comparison · U.S. Census Bureau data (2023)

Reviewed by CitySpend Editorial Team · Updated

Boston, MA outspends Milwaukee, WI by a wide margin per resident — $72,299 versus $19,417, a 272% difference. A gap this size usually reflects a structurally different service mix or accounting scope rather than a single line item.

Milwaukee, WI edges Boston, MA on the Fiscal Health Score by 6 points — 62/100 (grade C) to 56/100 (grade C). At a margin this narrow the grade is close enough that the factor-level detail matters more than the composite.

Milwaukee, WI reports no outstanding debt per resident in its Census filing, while Boston, MA carries $445 per resident. Their budgets diverge on where the largest per-resident dollars go: Boston, MA leads with education at $30,742 per resident, while Milwaukee, WI leads with police at $3,642.

They also fund themselves differently: intergovernmental transfers is the largest single revenue source in Boston, MA at 17% of total revenue, whereas Milwaukee, WI relies most on sales tax at 59%.

Summary

Boston spends 272.3% more per capita than Milwaukee ($52,882/person difference). Milwaukee, WI has the stronger Fiscal Health Score (C, 62/100).

Fiscal Health Score

City A
Boston, MA
Pop. 665,945
C
56/100
Budget Balance25
Debt Burden100
Pension Funding76
Spending Efficiency0
Revenue Diversity100
Trend Direction50
City B
Milwaukee, WI
Pop. 573,299
C
62/100
Budget Balance32
Debt Burden100
Pension Funding76
Spending Efficiency91
Revenue Diversity1
Trend Direction50

Key Metrics

Metric
Boston
Milwaukee
Total Spending
$48.1B
$11.1B
Spending / Capita
$72,299
$19,417
Total Revenue
$20.8B
$6.3B
Revenue / Capita
$31,243
$11,027
Total Debt
$296.3M
$0
Debt / Capita
$445
$0
Population
665,945
573,299
Gov Employees / 10K
0.0
0.0
Avg Gov Salary
$0
$0

Per Capita Spending by Department

Police
Boston$0
Milwaukee$3,642
Fire Protection
Boston$1,107
Milwaukee$802
Highways & Roads
Boston$594
Milwaukee$23
Parks & Recreation
Boston$711
Milwaukee$2,206
Education
Boston$30,742
Milwaukee$0
Health
Boston$725
Milwaukee$1

Revenue Breakdown (Per Capita)

BostonMilwaukee
Sales Tax
$78
$6,548
Income Tax
$0
$1
Intergovernmental
$5,357
$1,231
Charges & Fees
$2,784
$0
Other
$4,557
$3,984

Spending Breakdown (Per Capita)

BostonMilwaukee
Police
$0
$3,642
Fire Protection
$1,107
$802
Highways & Roads
$594
$23
Education
$30,742
$0
Public Welfare
$1,110
$180
Health
$725
$1
Hospitals
$2,584
$0
Parks & Recreation
$711
$2,206
Housing
$6,614
$1,071
Sewerage
$355
$0
Utilities
$3,402
$1,866
Interest on Debt
$0
$1,608
General Admin
$5,401
$0
Other
$18,955
$8,018
C
Boston, MA
Fiscal Health Score: 56/100
Average fiscal health
C
Milwaukee, WI
Fiscal Health Score: 62/100
Average fiscal health

Compare More Cities

Source: Census Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances, 2026.