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Data from U.S. Census Bureau · 2026 · Methodology
CitySpend

Defined Contribution Plan

A retirement plan where the employer and/or employee contribute a fixed amount to individual investment accounts (like a 401k or 457b), with no guaranteed benefit amount.

How It Works

In a defined contribution (DC) plan, the employee bears the investment risk — their retirement income depends on how well their investments perform. Some cities have shifted new employees from defined benefit pensions to DC plans or hybrid plans to reduce long-term fiscal risk. Critics argue that DC plans provide inadequate retirement security for workers who may not be investment-savvy.

Related Terms

  • Defined Benefit PensionA retirement plan where the employer guarantees a specific monthly payment for life based on years of service and final salary — the traditional government pension.
  • Hybrid Pension PlanA retirement plan that combines elements of a defined benefit pension (guaranteed minimum) with a defined contribution component (individual investment accounts).

About This Definition

This definition is part of the CitySpend Municipal Finance Glossary59 terms explaining how city governments fund and manage public services. All definitions are written in plain language for taxpayers, journalists, students, and municipal bond investors.