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Data from U.S. Census Bureau · 2026 · Methodology
CitySpend

Houston, TX vs Philadelphia, PA

Side-by-side fiscal comparison · U.S. Census Bureau data (2023)

Reviewed by CitySpend Editorial Team · Updated

Philadelphia, PA outspends Houston, TX by a wide margin per resident — $56,272 versus $14,400, a 291% difference. A gap this size usually reflects a structurally different service mix or accounting scope rather than a single line item.

Houston, TX holds the stronger Fiscal Health Score, 83/100 (grade A) against 45/100 (grade D) for Philadelphia, PA — a 38-point spread that puts the two in different grade territory.

On debt, Houston, TX carries the lighter load at $863 per resident versus $1,069 for Philadelphia, PA. Their budgets diverge on where the largest per-resident dollars go: Houston, TX leads with parks and recreation at $361 per resident, while Philadelphia, PA leads with fire protection at $7,082.

They also fund themselves differently: other revenue is the largest single revenue source in Houston, TX at 7% of total revenue, whereas Philadelphia, PA relies most on intergovernmental transfers at 16%.

Summary

Philadelphia spends 74.4% more per capita than Houston ($41,872/person difference). Houston, TX has the stronger Fiscal Health Score (A, 83/100).

Fiscal Health Score

City A
Houston, TX
Pop. 2,296,253
A
83/100
Budget Balance94
Debt Burden72
Pension Funding76
Spending Efficiency100
Revenue Diversity100
Trend Direction50
City B
Philadelphia, PA
Pop. 1,593,208
D
45/100
Budget Balance17
Debt Burden53
Pension Funding76
Spending Efficiency0
Revenue Diversity100
Trend Direction50

Key Metrics

Metric
Houston
Philadelphia
Total Spending
$33.1B
$89.7B
Spending / Capita
$14,400
$56,272
Total Revenue
$127.7B
$64.4B
Revenue / Capita
$55,600
$40,425
Total Debt
$2.0B
$1.7B
Debt / Capita
$863
$1,069
Population
2,296,253
1,593,208
Gov Employees / 10K
0.0
0.0
Avg Gov Salary
$0
$0

Per Capita Spending by Department

Police
Houston$0
Philadelphia$1,505
Fire Protection
Houston$295
Philadelphia$7,082
Highways & Roads
Houston$175
Philadelphia$1,215
Parks & Recreation
Houston$361
Philadelphia$593
Health
Houston$210
Philadelphia$229

Revenue Breakdown (Per Capita)

HoustonPhiladelphia
Sales Tax
$181
$107
Income Tax
$39
$8
Intergovernmental
$33
$6,288
Charges & Fees
$3,475
$2,790
Other
$3,960
$4,029

Spending Breakdown (Per Capita)

HoustonPhiladelphia
Police
$0
$1,505
Fire Protection
$295
$7,082
Highways & Roads
$175
$1,215
Public Welfare
$533
$1,456
Health
$210
$229
Hospitals
$511
$4,048
Parks & Recreation
$361
$593
Housing
$4,288
$4,902
Sewerage
$386
$325
Utilities
$1,339
$4,222
Interest on Debt
$0
$3
Other
$6,301
$30,692
A
Houston, TX
Fiscal Health Score: 83/100
Excellent fiscal health
D
Philadelphia, PA
Fiscal Health Score: 45/100
Below average fiscal health

Compare More Cities

Source: Census Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances, 2026.